std::ctype<char>
Defined in header <locale> | ||
|---|---|---|
template<> class ctype<char>; |
This specialization of std::ctype encapsulates character classification features for type char. Unlike general-purpose std::ctype, which uses virtual functions, this specialization uses table lookup to classify characters (which is generally faster).
The base class std::ctype<char> implements character classification equivalent to the minimal "C" locale. The classification rules can be extended or modified if constructed with a non-default classification table argument, if constructed as std::ctype_byname<char> or as a user-defined derived facet. All std::istream formatted input functions are required to use std::ctype<char> for character classing during input parsing.
Inheritance diagram.
Member types
| Member type | Definition |
|---|---|
char_type | char |
Member functions
constructs a new std::ctype<char> facet (public member function) |
|
destructs a std::ctype<char> facet (protected member function) |
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| obtains the character classification table (public member function) |
|
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[static] | obtains the "C" locale character classification table (public static member function) |
| classifies a character or a character sequence, using the classification table (public member function) |
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| locates the first character in a sequence that conforms to given classification, using the classification table (public member function) |
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| locates the first character in a sequence that fails given classification, using the classification table (public member function) |
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invokes do_toupper (public member function of std::ctype<CharT>) |
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invokes do_tolower (public member function of std::ctype<CharT>) |
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invokes do_widen (public member function of std::ctype<CharT>) |
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invokes do_narrow (public member function of std::ctype<CharT>) |
Protected member functions
|
[virtual] | converts a character or characters to uppercase (virtual protected member function of std::ctype<CharT>) |
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[virtual] | converts a character or characters to lowercase (virtual protected member function of std::ctype<CharT>) |
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[virtual] | converts a character or characters from char to charT (virtual protected member function of std::ctype<CharT>) |
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[virtual] | converts a character or characters from charT to char (virtual protected member function of std::ctype<CharT>) |
Member objects
| static std::locale::id id
[static] | id of the locale (public static member constant) |
| static const std::size_t table_size
[static] | size of the classification table, at least 256 (public static member constant) |
Inherited from std::ctype_base
Member types
| Type | Definition |
|---|---|
mask | unspecified bitmask type (enumeration, integer type, or bitset) |
Member constants
| space
[static] | the value of mask identifying whitespace character classification (public static member constant) |
| print
[static] | the value of mask identifying printable character classification (public static member constant) |
| cntrl
[static] | the value of mask identifying control character classification (public static member constant) |
| upper
[static] | the value of mask identifying uppercase character classification (public static member constant) |
| lower
[static] | the value of mask identifying lowercase character classification (public static member constant) |
| alpha
[static] | the value of mask identifying alphabetic character classification (public static member constant) |
| digit
[static] | the value of mask identifying digit character classification (public static member constant) |
| punct
[static] | the value of mask identifying punctuation character classification (public static member constant) |
| xdigit
[static] | the value of mask identifying hexadecimal digit character classification (public static member constant) |
| blank
[static] (C++11) | the value of mask identifying blank character classification (public static member constant) |
| alnum
[static] | alpha | digit (public static member constant) |
| graph
[static] | alnum | punct (public static member constant) |
Example
The following example demonstrates modification of ctype<char> to tokenize comma-separated values.
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <locale>
#include <sstream>
// This ctype facet classifies commas and endlines as whitespace
struct csv_whitespace : std::ctype<char> {
static const mask* make_table()
{
// make a copy of the "C" locale table
static std::vector<mask> v(classic_table(), classic_table() + table_size);
v[','] |= space; // comma will be classified as whitespace
v[' '] &= ~space; // space will not be classified as whitespace
return &v[0];
}
csv_whitespace(std::size_t refs = 0) : ctype(make_table(), false, refs) {}
};
int main()
{
std::string in = "Column 1,Column 2,Column 3\n123,456,789";
std::string token;
std::cout << "default locale:\n";
std::istringstream s1(in);
while(s1 >> token)
std::cout << " " << token << '\n';
std::cout << "locale with modified ctype:\n";
std::istringstream s2(in);
s2.imbue(std::locale(s2.getloc(), new csv_whitespace));
while(s2 >> token)
std::cout << " " << token<< '\n';
}Output:
default locale: Column 1,Column 2,Column 3 123,456,789 locale with modified ctype: Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 123 456 789
See also
| defines character classification tables (class template) |
|
| defines character classification categories (class template) |
|
| creates a ctype facet for the named locale (class template) |
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