Class App
App is responsible for path management, class location and class loading.
Adding paths
You can add paths to the search indexes App uses to find classes using App::build()
. Adding additional controller paths for example would alter where CakePHP looks for controllers. This allows you to split your application up across the filesystem.
Packages
CakePHP is organized around the idea of packages, each class belongs to a package or folder where other classes reside. You can configure each package location in your application using App::build('APackage/SubPackage', $paths)
to inform the framework where should each class be loaded. Almost every class in the CakePHP framework can be swapped by your own compatible implementation. If you wish to use your own class instead of the classes the framework provides, just add the class to your libs folder mocking the directory location of where CakePHP expects to find it.
For instance if you'd like to use your own HttpSocket class, put it under
app/Network/Http/HttpSocket.php
Inspecting loaded paths
You can inspect the currently loaded paths using App::path('Controller')
for example to see loaded controller paths.
It is also possible to inspect paths for plugin classes, for instance, to see a plugin's helpers you would call App::path('View/Helper', 'MyPlugin')
Locating plugins and themes
Plugins and Themes can be located with App as well. Using App::pluginPath('DebugKit') for example, will give you the full path to the DebugKit plugin. App::themePath('purple'), would give the full path to the purple
theme.
Inspecting known objects
You can find out which objects App knows about using App::objects('Controller') for example to find which application controllers App knows about.
Link: http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html
Copyright: Copyright (c) Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (http://cakefoundation.org)
License: MIT License
Location: Cake/Core/App.php
Constants summary
-
string
'append'
-
string
'prepend'
-
string
'register'
-
boolean
true
Properties summary
- Indicates whether the class cache should be stored again because of an addition to it
boolean
- Holds the location of each class
array
- Holds key/value pairs of $type => file path.
array
- Indicates whether the object cache should be stored again because of an addition to it
boolean
- Holds and key => value array of object types.
array
- Holds the templates for each customizable package path in the application
array
- Holds the possible paths for each package name
array
-
boolean
Indicates the the Application is in the bootstrapping process. Used to better cache loaded classes while the cache libraries have not been yet initialized
- Maps an old style CakePHP class type to the corresponding package
array
- Whether or not to return the file that is loaded.
boolean
- Paths to search for files.
array
- List of object types and their properties
array
Method Summary
- Check if a fatal error happened and trigger the configured handler if configured
-
Helper function to include classes This is a compatibility wrapper around using App::uses() and automatic class loading
- Helper function to include single files
- Helper function to load files from vendors folders
- Maps the $name to the $file.
- Returns a file's complete path.
- Sets then returns the templates for each customizable package path
-
Sets up each package location on the file system. You can configure multiple search paths for each package, those will be used to look for files one folder at a time in the specified order All paths should be terminated with a Directory separator
- Returns the full path to a package inside the CakePHP core
-
Finds classes based on $name or specific file(s) to search. Calling App::import() will not construct any classes contained in the files. It will only find and require() the file.
-
Increases the PHP "memory_limit" ini setting by the specified amount in kilobytes
- Initializes the cache for App, registers a shutdown function.
-
Method to handle the automatic class loading. It will look for each class' package defined using App::uses() and with this information it will resolve the package name to a full path to load the class from. File name for each class should follow the class name. For instance, if a class is name
MyCustomClass
the file name should beMyCustomClass.php
- Returns the package name where a class was defined to be located at
- Returns an array of objects of the given type.
- Used to read information stored path
-
Get all the currently loaded paths from App. Useful for inspecting or storing all paths App knows about. For a paths to a specific package use App::path()
- Gets the path that a plugin is on. Searches through the defined plugin paths.
- Object destructor.
- Finds the path that a theme is on. Searches through the defined theme paths.
-
Declares a package for a class. This package location will be used by the automatic class loader if the class is tried to be used
Method Detail
_checkFatalError()source protected static
_checkFatalError( )
Check if a fatal error happened and trigger the configured handler if configured
_loadClass()source protected static
_loadClass( string $name , string $plugin , string $type , string $originalType , boolean $parent )
Helper function to include classes This is a compatibility wrapper around using App::uses() and automatic class loading
Parameters
- string
$name
- unique name of the file for identifying it inside the application
- string
$plugin
- camel cased plugin name if any
- string
$type
- name of the packed where the class is located
- string
$originalType
- type name as supplied initially by the user
- boolean
$parent
- whether to load the class parent or not
Returns
booleantrue indicating the successful load and existence of the class
_loadFile()source protected static
_loadFile( string $name , string $plugin , array $search , string $file , boolean $return )
Helper function to include single files
Parameters
- string
$name
- unique name of the file for identifying it inside the application
- string
$plugin
- camel cased plugin name if any
- array
$search
- list of paths to search the file into
- string
$file
- filename if known, the $name param will be used otherwise
- boolean
$return
- whether this function should return the contents of the file after being parsed by php or just a success notice
Returns
mixedif $return contents of the file after php parses it, boolean indicating success otherwise
_loadVendor()source protected static
_loadVendor( string $name , string $plugin , string $file , string $ext )
Helper function to load files from vendors folders
Parameters
- string
$name
- unique name of the file for identifying it inside the application
- string
$plugin
- camel cased plugin name if any
- string
$file
- file name if known
- string
$ext
- file extension if known
Returns
booleantrue if the file was loaded successfully, false otherwise
_map()source protected static
_map( string $file , string $name , string $plugin null )
Maps the $name to the $file.
Parameters
- string
$file
- full path to file
- string
$name
- unique name for this map
- string
$plugin
optional null - camelized if object is from a plugin, the name of the plugin
_mapped()source protected static
_mapped( string $name , string $plugin null )
Returns a file's complete path.
Parameters
- string
$name
- unique name
- string
$plugin
optional null - camelized if object is from a plugin, the name of the plugin
Returns
mixedfile path if found, false otherwise
_packageFormat()source protected static
_packageFormat( )
Sets then returns the templates for each customizable package path
Returns
arraytemplates for each customizable package path
build()source public static
build( array $paths array() , boolean|string $mode App::PREPEND )
Sets up each package location on the file system. You can configure multiple search paths for each package, those will be used to look for files one folder at a time in the specified order All paths should be terminated with a Directory separator
Usage:
App::build(array('Model' => array('/a/full/path/to/models/'))); will setup a new search path for the Model package
App::build(array('Model' => array('/path/to/models/')), App::RESET); will setup the path as the only valid path for searching models
App::build(array('View/Helper' => array('/path/to/helpers/', '/another/path/'))); will setup multiple search paths for helpers
App::build(array('Service' => array('%s' . 'Service' . DS)), App::REGISTER); will register new package 'Service'
If reset is set to true, all loaded plugins will be forgotten and they will be needed to be loaded again.
Parameters
- array
$paths
optional array() - associative array with package names as keys and a list of directories for new search paths
- boolean|string
$mode
optional App::PREPEND App::RESET will set paths, App::APPEND with append paths, App::PREPEND will prepend paths (default) App::REGISTER will register new packages and their paths, %s in path will be replaced by APP path
Link
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html#App::buildcore()source public static
core( string $type )
Returns the full path to a package inside the CakePHP core
Usage:
App::core('Cache/Engine'); will return the full path to the cache engines package
Parameters
- string
$type
- Package type.
Returns
arrayfull path to package
Link
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html#App::coreimport()source public static
import( string|array $type null , string $name null , boolean|array $parent true , array $search array() , string $file null , boolean $return false )
Finds classes based on $name or specific file(s) to search. Calling App::import() will not construct any classes contained in the files. It will only find and require() the file.
Parameters
- string|array
$type
optional null The type of Class if passed as a string, or all params can be passed as a single array to $type.
- string
$name
optional null - Name of the Class or a unique name for the file
- boolean|array
$parent
optional true boolean true if Class Parent should be searched, accepts key => value array('parent' => $parent, 'file' => $file, 'search' => $search, 'ext' => '$ext'); $ext allows setting the extension of the file name based on Inflector::underscore($name) . ".$ext";
- array
$search
optional array() - paths to search for files, array('path 1', 'path 2', 'path 3');
- string
$file
optional null - full name of the file to search for including extension
- boolean
$return
optional false Return the loaded file, the file must have a return statement in it to work: return $variable;
Returns
booleantrue if Class is already in memory or if file is found and loaded, false if not
Link
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html#including-files-with-app-importincreaseMemoryLimit()source public static
increaseMemoryLimit( string $additionalKb )
Increases the PHP "memory_limit" ini setting by the specified amount in kilobytes
Parameters
- string
$additionalKb
- Number in kilobytes
load()source public static
load( string $className )
Method to handle the automatic class loading. It will look for each class' package defined using App::uses() and with this information it will resolve the package name to a full path to load the class from. File name for each class should follow the class name. For instance, if a class is name MyCustomClass
the file name should be MyCustomClass.php
Parameters
- string
$className
- the name of the class to load
Returns
booleanlocation()source public static
location( string $className )
Returns the package name where a class was defined to be located at
Parameters
- string
$className
- name of the class to obtain the package name from
Returns
string|nullPackage name, or null if not declared
Link
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html#App::locationobjects()source public static
objects( string $type , string|array $path null , boolean $cache true )
Returns an array of objects of the given type.
Example usage:
App::objects('plugin');
returns array('DebugKit', 'Blog', 'User');
App::objects('Controller');
returns array('PagesController', 'BlogController');
You can also search only within a plugin's objects by using the plugin dot syntax.
App::objects('MyPlugin.Model');
returns array('MyPluginPost', 'MyPluginComment');
When scanning directories, files and directories beginning with .
will be excluded as these are commonly used by version control systems.
Parameters
- string
$type
- Type of object, i.e. 'Model', 'Controller', 'View/Helper', 'file', 'class' or 'plugin'
- string|array
$path
optional null - Optional Scan only the path given. If null, paths for the chosen type will be used.
- boolean
$cache
optional true - Set to false to rescan objects of the chosen type. Defaults to true.
Returns
mixedEither false on incorrect / miss. Or an array of found objects.
Link
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html#App::objectspath()source public static
path( string $type , string $plugin null )
Used to read information stored path
Usage:
App::path('Model'); will return all paths for models
App::path('Model/Datasource', 'MyPlugin'); will return the path for datasources under the 'MyPlugin' plugin
Parameters
- string
$type
- type of path
- string
$plugin
optional null - name of plugin
Returns
arrayLink
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html#App::pathpaths()source public static
paths( )
Get all the currently loaded paths from App. Useful for inspecting or storing all paths App knows about. For a paths to a specific package use App::path()
Returns
arrayAn array of packages and their associated paths.
Link
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html#App::pathspluginPath()source public static
pluginPath( string $plugin )
Gets the path that a plugin is on. Searches through the defined plugin paths.
Usage:
App::pluginPath('MyPlugin'); will return the full path to 'MyPlugin' plugin'
Deprecated
3.0.0 UseCakePlugin::path()
instead.Parameters
- string
$plugin
- CamelCased/lower_cased plugin name to find the path of.
Returns
stringfull path to the plugin.
Link
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html#App::pluginPathshutdown()source public static
shutdown( )
Object destructor.
Writes cache file if changes have been made to the $_map. Also, check if a fatal error happened and call the handler.
themePath()source public static
themePath( string $theme )
Finds the path that a theme is on. Searches through the defined theme paths.
Usage:
App::themePath('MyTheme'); will return the full path to the 'MyTheme' theme
Parameters
- string
$theme
- theme name to find the path of.
Returns
stringfull path to the theme.
Link
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html#App::themePathuses()source public static
uses( string $className , string $location )
Declares a package for a class. This package location will be used by the automatic class loader if the class is tried to be used
Usage:
App::uses('MyCustomController', 'Controller');
will setup the class to be found under Controller package
App::uses('MyHelper', 'MyPlugin.View/Helper');
will setup the helper class to be found in plugin's helper package
Parameters
- string
$className
- the name of the class to configure package for
- string
$location
- the package name
Link
http://book.cakephp.org/2.0/en/core-utility-libraries/app.html#App::usesProperties detail
$_cacheChangesource
protected static boolean
Indicates whether the class cache should be stored again because of an addition to it
false
$_objectCacheChangesource
protected static boolean
Indicates whether the object cache should be stored again because of an addition to it
false
$_packageFormatsource
protected static array
Holds the templates for each customizable package path in the application
array()
$bootstrappingsource
public static boolean
Indicates the the Application is in the bootstrapping process. Used to better cache loaded classes while the cache libraries have not been yet initialized
false
$legacysource
public static array
Maps an old style CakePHP class type to the corresponding package
array( 'models' => 'Model', 'behaviors' => 'Model/Behavior', 'datasources' => 'Model/Datasource', 'controllers' => 'Controller', 'components' => 'Controller/Component', 'views' => 'View', 'helpers' => 'View/Helper', 'shells' => 'Console/Command', 'libs' => 'Lib', 'vendors' => 'Vendor', 'plugins' => 'Plugin', 'locales' => 'Locale' )
$typessource
public static array
List of object types and their properties
array( 'class' => array('extends' => null, 'core' => true), 'file' => array('extends' => null, 'core' => true), 'model' => array('extends' => 'AppModel', 'core' => false), 'behavior' => array('suffix' => 'Behavior', 'extends' => 'Model/ModelBehavior', 'core' => true), 'controller' => array('suffix' => 'Controller', 'extends' => 'AppController', 'core' => true), 'component' => array('suffix' => 'Component', 'extends' => null, 'core' => true), 'lib' => array('extends' => null, 'core' => true), 'view' => array('suffix' => 'View', 'extends' => null, 'core' => true), 'helper' => array('suffix' => 'Helper', 'extends' => 'AppHelper', 'core' => true), 'vendor' => array('extends' => null, 'core' => true), 'shell' => array('suffix' => 'Shell', 'extends' => 'AppShell', 'core' => true), 'plugin' => array('extends' => null, 'core' => true) )
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https://api.cakephp.org/2.9/class-App.html