class UnboundMethod

Parent:: Object

Ruby supports two forms of objectified methods. Class Method is used to represent methods that are associated with a particular object: these method objects are bound to that object. Bound method objects for an object can be created using Object#method.

Ruby also supports unbound methods; methods objects that are not associated with a particular object. These can be created either by calling Module#instance_method or by calling unbind on a bound method object. The result of both of these is an UnboundMethod object.

Unbound methods can only be called after they are bound to an object. That object must be a kind_of? the method's original class.

class Square
  def area
    @side * @side
  end
  def initialize(side)
    @side = side
  end
end

area_un = Square.instance_method(:area)

s = Square.new(12)
area = area_un.bind(s)
area.call   #=> 144

Unbound methods are a reference to the method at the time it was objectified: subsequent changes to the underlying class will not affect the unbound method.

class Test
  def test
    :original
  end
end
um = Test.instance_method(:test)
class Test
  def test
    :modified
  end
end
t = Test.new
t.test            #=> :modified
um.bind(t).call   #=> :original

Public Instance Methods

meth == other_meth → true or false Show source

static VALUE
method_eq(VALUE method, VALUE other)
{
    struct METHOD *m1, *m2;
    VALUE klass1, klass2;

    if (!rb_obj_is_method(other))
        return Qfalse;
    if (CLASS_OF(method) != CLASS_OF(other))
        return Qfalse;

    Check_TypedStruct(method, &method_data_type);
    m1 = (struct METHOD *)DATA_PTR(method);
    m2 = (struct METHOD *)DATA_PTR(other);

    klass1 = method_entry_defined_class(m1->me);
    klass2 = method_entry_defined_class(m2->me);

    if (!rb_method_entry_eq(m1->me, m2->me) ||
        klass1 != klass2 ||
        m1->klass != m2->klass ||
        m1->recv != m2->recv) {
        return Qfalse;
    }

    return Qtrue;
}

Two method objects are equal if they are bound to the same object and refer to the same method definition and their owners are the same class or module.

arity → fixnum Show source

static VALUE
method_arity_m(VALUE method)
{
    int n = method_arity(method);
    return INT2FIX(n);
}

Returns an indication of the number of arguments accepted by a method. Returns a nonnegative integer for methods that take a fixed number of arguments. For Ruby methods that take a variable number of arguments, returns -n-1, where n is the number of required arguments. For methods written in C, returns -1 if the call takes a variable number of arguments.

class C
  def one;    end
  def two(a); end
  def three(*a);  end
  def four(a, b); end
  def five(a, b, *c);    end
  def six(a, b, *c, &d); end
end
c = C.new
c.method(:one).arity     #=> 0
c.method(:two).arity     #=> 1
c.method(:three).arity   #=> -1
c.method(:four).arity    #=> 2
c.method(:five).arity    #=> -3
c.method(:six).arity     #=> -3

"cat".method(:size).arity      #=> 0
"cat".method(:replace).arity   #=> 1
"cat".method(:squeeze).arity   #=> -1
"cat".method(:count).arity     #=> -1

bind(obj) → method Show source

static VALUE
umethod_bind(VALUE method, VALUE recv)
{
    struct METHOD *data, *bound;
    VALUE methclass, klass;

    TypedData_Get_Struct(method, struct METHOD, &method_data_type, data);

    methclass = data->me->owner;

    if (!RB_TYPE_P(methclass, T_MODULE) &&
        methclass != CLASS_OF(recv) && !rb_obj_is_kind_of(recv, methclass)) {
        if (FL_TEST(methclass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
            rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
                     "singleton method called for a different object");
        }
        else {
            rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "bind argument must be an instance of % "PRIsVALUE,
                     rb_class_name(methclass));
        }
    }

    klass  = CLASS_OF(recv);

    method = TypedData_Make_Struct(rb_cMethod, struct METHOD, &method_data_type, bound);
    RB_OBJ_WRITE(method, &bound->recv, recv);
    RB_OBJ_WRITE(method, &bound->klass, data->klass);
    RB_OBJ_WRITE(method, &bound->me, rb_method_entry_clone(data->me));

    if (RB_TYPE_P(bound->me->owner, T_MODULE)) {
        VALUE ic = rb_class_search_ancestor(klass, bound->me->owner);
        if (ic) {
            klass = ic;
        }
        else {
            klass = rb_include_class_new(methclass, klass);
        }
        RB_OBJ_WRITE(method, &bound->me, rb_method_entry_complement_defined_class(bound->me, bound->me->called_id, klass));
    }

    return method;
}

Bind umeth to obj. If Klass was the class from which umeth was obtained, obj.kind_of?(Klass) must be true.

class A
  def test
    puts "In test, class = #{self.class}"
  end
end
class B < A
end
class C < B
end

um = B.instance_method(:test)
bm = um.bind(C.new)
bm.call
bm = um.bind(B.new)
bm.call
bm = um.bind(A.new)
bm.call

produces:

In test, class = C
In test, class = B
prog.rb:16:in `bind': bind argument must be an instance of B (TypeError)
 from prog.rb:16

clone → new_method Show source

static VALUE
method_clone(VALUE self)
{
    VALUE clone;
    struct METHOD *orig, *data;

    TypedData_Get_Struct(self, struct METHOD, &method_data_type, orig);
    clone = TypedData_Make_Struct(CLASS_OF(self), struct METHOD, &method_data_type, data);
    CLONESETUP(clone, self);
    RB_OBJ_WRITE(clone, &data->recv, orig->recv);
    RB_OBJ_WRITE(clone, &data->klass, orig->klass);
    RB_OBJ_WRITE(clone, &data->me, rb_method_entry_clone(orig->me));
    return clone;
}

Returns a clone of this method.

class A
  def foo
    return "bar"
  end
end

m = A.new.method(:foo)
m.call # => "bar"
n = m.clone.call # => "bar"

eql?(other_meth) → true or false Show source

static VALUE
method_eq(VALUE method, VALUE other)
{
    struct METHOD *m1, *m2;
    VALUE klass1, klass2;

    if (!rb_obj_is_method(other))
        return Qfalse;
    if (CLASS_OF(method) != CLASS_OF(other))
        return Qfalse;

    Check_TypedStruct(method, &method_data_type);
    m1 = (struct METHOD *)DATA_PTR(method);
    m2 = (struct METHOD *)DATA_PTR(other);

    klass1 = method_entry_defined_class(m1->me);
    klass2 = method_entry_defined_class(m2->me);

    if (!rb_method_entry_eq(m1->me, m2->me) ||
        klass1 != klass2 ||
        m1->klass != m2->klass ||
        m1->recv != m2->recv) {
        return Qfalse;
    }

    return Qtrue;
}

Two method objects are equal if they are bound to the same object and refer to the same method definition and their owners are the same class or module.

hash → integer Show source

static VALUE
method_hash(VALUE method)
{
    struct METHOD *m;
    st_index_t hash;

    TypedData_Get_Struct(method, struct METHOD, &method_data_type, m);
    hash = rb_hash_start((st_index_t)m->recv);
    hash = rb_hash_method_entry(hash, m->me);
    hash = rb_hash_end(hash);

    return INT2FIX(hash);
}

Returns a hash value corresponding to the method object.

See also Object#hash.

inspect → string Show source

static VALUE
method_inspect(VALUE method)
{
    struct METHOD *data;
    VALUE str;
    const char *s;
    const char *sharp = "#";
    VALUE mklass;
    VALUE defined_class;

    TypedData_Get_Struct(method, struct METHOD, &method_data_type, data);
    str = rb_str_buf_new2("#<");
    s = rb_obj_classname(method);
    rb_str_buf_cat2(str, s);
    rb_str_buf_cat2(str, ": ");

    mklass = data->klass;

    if (data->me->def->type == VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS) {
        defined_class = data->me->def->body.alias.original_me->owner;
    }
    else {
        defined_class = method_entry_defined_class(data->me);
    }

    if (RB_TYPE_P(defined_class, T_ICLASS)) {
        defined_class = RBASIC_CLASS(defined_class);
    }

    if (FL_TEST(mklass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
        VALUE v = rb_ivar_get(mklass, attached);

        if (data->recv == Qundef) {
            rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_inspect(mklass));
        }
        else if (data->recv == v) {
            rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_inspect(v));
            sharp = ".";
        }
        else {
            rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_inspect(data->recv));
            rb_str_buf_cat2(str, "(");
            rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_inspect(v));
            rb_str_buf_cat2(str, ")");
            sharp = ".";
        }
    }
    else {
        rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_class_name(mklass));
        if (defined_class != mklass) {
            rb_str_buf_cat2(str, "(");
            rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_class_name(defined_class));
            rb_str_buf_cat2(str, ")");
        }
    }
    rb_str_buf_cat2(str, sharp);
    rb_str_append(str, rb_id2str(data->me->called_id));
    if (data->me->called_id != data->me->def->original_id) {
        rb_str_catf(str, "(%"PRIsVALUE")",
                    rb_id2str(data->me->def->original_id));
    }
    if (data->me->def->type == VM_METHOD_TYPE_NOTIMPLEMENTED) {
        rb_str_buf_cat2(str, " (not-implemented)");
    }
    rb_str_buf_cat2(str, ">");

    return str;
}

Returns the name of the underlying method.

"cat".method(:count).inspect   #=> "#<Method: String#count>"

name → symbol Show source

static VALUE
method_name(VALUE obj)
{
    struct METHOD *data;

    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct METHOD, &method_data_type, data);
    return ID2SYM(data->me->called_id);
}

Returns the name of the method.

original_name → symbol Show source

static VALUE
method_original_name(VALUE obj)
{
    struct METHOD *data;

    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct METHOD, &method_data_type, data);
    return ID2SYM(data->me->def->original_id);
}

Returns the original name of the method.

owner → class_or_module Show source

static VALUE
method_owner(VALUE obj)
{
    struct METHOD *data;
    TypedData_Get_Struct(obj, struct METHOD, &method_data_type, data);
    return data->me->owner;
}

Returns the class or module that defines the method.

parameters → array Show source

static VALUE
rb_method_parameters(VALUE method)
{
    const rb_iseq_t *iseq = rb_method_iseq(method);
    if (!iseq) {
        return unnamed_parameters(method_arity(method));
    }
    return rb_iseq_parameters(iseq, 0);
}

Returns the parameter information of this method.

source_location → [String, Fixnum] Show source

VALUE
rb_method_location(VALUE method)
{
    return method_def_location(method_def(method));
}

Returns the Ruby source filename and line number containing this method or nil if this method was not defined in Ruby (i.e. native).

super_method → method Show source

static VALUE
method_super_method(VALUE method)
{
    const struct METHOD *data;
    VALUE super_class;
    const rb_method_entry_t *me;

    TypedData_Get_Struct(method, struct METHOD, &method_data_type, data);
    super_class = RCLASS_SUPER(RCLASS_ORIGIN(method_entry_defined_class(data->me)));
    if (!super_class) return Qnil;
    me = (rb_method_entry_t *)rb_callable_method_entry_without_refinements(super_class, data->me->called_id);
    if (!me) return Qnil;
    return mnew_internal(me, super_class, data->recv, data->me->called_id, rb_obj_class(method), FALSE, FALSE);
}

Returns a Method of superclass which would be called when super is used or nil if there is no method on superclass.

to_s → string Show source

static VALUE
method_inspect(VALUE method)
{
    struct METHOD *data;
    VALUE str;
    const char *s;
    const char *sharp = "#";
    VALUE mklass;
    VALUE defined_class;

    TypedData_Get_Struct(method, struct METHOD, &method_data_type, data);
    str = rb_str_buf_new2("#<");
    s = rb_obj_classname(method);
    rb_str_buf_cat2(str, s);
    rb_str_buf_cat2(str, ": ");

    mklass = data->klass;

    if (data->me->def->type == VM_METHOD_TYPE_ALIAS) {
        defined_class = data->me->def->body.alias.original_me->owner;
    }
    else {
        defined_class = method_entry_defined_class(data->me);
    }

    if (RB_TYPE_P(defined_class, T_ICLASS)) {
        defined_class = RBASIC_CLASS(defined_class);
    }

    if (FL_TEST(mklass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
        VALUE v = rb_ivar_get(mklass, attached);

        if (data->recv == Qundef) {
            rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_inspect(mklass));
        }
        else if (data->recv == v) {
            rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_inspect(v));
            sharp = ".";
        }
        else {
            rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_inspect(data->recv));
            rb_str_buf_cat2(str, "(");
            rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_inspect(v));
            rb_str_buf_cat2(str, ")");
            sharp = ".";
        }
    }
    else {
        rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_class_name(mklass));
        if (defined_class != mklass) {
            rb_str_buf_cat2(str, "(");
            rb_str_buf_append(str, rb_class_name(defined_class));
            rb_str_buf_cat2(str, ")");
        }
    }
    rb_str_buf_cat2(str, sharp);
    rb_str_append(str, rb_id2str(data->me->called_id));
    if (data->me->called_id != data->me->def->original_id) {
        rb_str_catf(str, "(%"PRIsVALUE")",
                    rb_id2str(data->me->def->original_id));
    }
    if (data->me->def->type == VM_METHOD_TYPE_NOTIMPLEMENTED) {
        rb_str_buf_cat2(str, " (not-implemented)");
    }
    rb_str_buf_cat2(str, ">");

    return str;
}

Returns the name of the underlying method.

"cat".method(:count).inspect   #=> "#<Method: String#count>"

Ruby Core © 1993–2017 Yukihiro Matsumoto
Licensed under the Ruby License.
Ruby Standard Library © contributors
Licensed under their own licenses.