config.rb

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A config.rb file is used to specify configuration details for knife.

A config.rb file:

• Is loaded every time the knife executable is run
• The default location at which Chef Infra Client expects to find this file is ~/.chef/config.rb; use the --config option from the command line to change this location
• Is not created by default
• Is located by default at ~/.chef/config.rb (UNIX and Linux platforms) or c:\Users\username\.chef (Microsoft Windows platform, use the --config option from the command line to change this location
• Will override the default configuration when a config.rb file exists at the default path or the path specified by the --config option

Settings

This configuration file has the following settings:

bootstrap_template

The path to a template file to be used during a bootstrap operation.

chef_server_url

The URL for the Chef Infra Server. For example:

chef_server_url 'https://localhost/organizations/ORG_NAME'

chef_zero.enabled

Enable chef-zero. This setting requires local_mode to be set to true. Default value: false. For example:

chef_zero.enabled true

chef_zero[:port]

The port on which chef-zero is to listen. Default value: 8889. For example:

chef_zero[:port] 8889

client_d_dir

A directory that contains additional configuration scripts to load for Chef Infra Client.

client_key

The location of the file that contains the client key, as an absolute path. Default value: /etc/chef/client.pem. For example:

client_key '/etc/chef/client.pem'

cookbook_copyright

The name of the copyright holder. This option places a copyright notice that contains the name of the copyright holder in each of the pre-created files. If this option is not specified, a copyright name of “COMPANY_NAME” is used instead; it can easily be modified later.

cookbook_email

The email address for the individual who maintains the cookbook. This option places an email address in each of the pre-created files. If not specified, an email name of “YOUR_EMAIL” is used instead; this can easily be modified later.

cookbook_license

The type of license under which a cookbook is distributed: apachev2, gplv2, gplv3, mit, or none (default). This option places the appropriate license notice in the pre-created files: Apache v2.0 (for apachev2), GPL v2 (for gplv2), GPL v3 (for gplv3), MIT (for mit), or license 'Proprietary - All Rights Reserved (for none). Be aware of the licenses for files inside of a cookbook and be sure to follow any restrictions they describe.

cookbook_path

The Chef Infra Client sub-directory for storing cookbooks. This value can be a string or an array of file system locations, processed in the specified order. The last cookbook is considered to override local modifications. For example:

cookbook_path [
  '/var/chef/cookbooks',
  '/var/chef/site-cookbooks'
]

data_bag_encrypt_version

The minimum required version of data bag encryption. Possible values: 1 or 2. It is recommended that this value be set to 2 to provide additional security. For example:

data_bag_encrypt_version 2

fips

Allows OpenSSL to enforce FIPS-validated security during a Chef Infra Client run. Set to true to enable FIPS-validated security.

The following operating systems are supported:

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux
• Oracle Enterprise Linux
• CentOS
• Windows

Support for FIPS was introduced in Chef Server version 12.13. The following operating systems are supported:

• Red Hat Enterprise Linux
• Oracle Enterprise Linux
• CentOS

local_mode

Run Chef Infra Client in local mode. This allows all commands that work against the Chef Infra Server to also work against the local chef-repo. For example:

local_mode true

node_name

The unique identifier of the node. This may be a username with permission to authenticate to the Chef Infra Server or it may be the name of the machine from which knife is run. For example:

node_name 'user_name'

or:

node_name 'machine_name'

no_proxy

A comma-separated list of URLs that do not need a proxy. Default value: nil. For example:

no_proxy 'localhost, 10.0.1.35, *.example.com, *.dev.example.com'

ssh_agent_signing

New in 14.2 Use ssh-agent to authenticate. When using this option, specify the location of the public key in client_key. Default value: false. Ensure the public key is in PKCS#1 format. You can convert an OpenSSH public key using ssh-keygen. For example:

ssh-keygen -f key.pub -e -m pem > key.pem

ssh_timeout

The amount of time (in seconds) to wait for an SSH connection time out.

ssl_verify_mode

Set the verify mode for HTTPS requests.

• Use :verify_none to do no validation of SSL certificates.
• Use :verify_peer to do validation of all SSL certificates, including the Chef Infra Server connections, S3 connections, and any HTTPS remote_file resource URLs used in a Chef Infra Client run. This is the recommended setting.

Depending on how OpenSSL is configured, the ssl_ca_path may need to be specified. Default value: :verify_peer.

syntax_check_cache_path

All files in a cookbook must contain valid Ruby syntax. Use this setting to specify the location in which knife caches information about files that have been checked for valid Ruby syntax.

tmux_split

Split the Tmux window. Default value: false.

validation_client_name

The name of the chef-validator key that is used by Chef Infra Client to access the Chef Infra Server during the initial Chef Infra Client run. For example:

validation_client_name 'chef-validator'

validation_key

The location of the file that contains the key used when a Chef Infra Client is registered with a Chef Infra Server. A validation key is signed using the validation_client_name for authentication. Default value: /etc/chef/validation.pem. For example:

validation_key '/etc/chef/validation.pem'

verify_api_cert

Verify the SSL certificate on the Chef Infra Server. When true, Chef Infra Client always verifies the SSL certificate. When false, Chef Infra Client uses the value of ssl_verify_mode to determine if the SSL certificate requires verification. Default value: false.

versioned_cookbooks

Append cookbook versions to cookbooks. Set to false to hide cookbook versions: cookbooks/apache. Set to true to show cookbook versions: cookbooks/apache-1.0.0 and/or cookbooks/apache-1.0.1. When this setting is true, knife download downloads ALL cookbook versions, which can be useful if a full-fidelity backup of data on the Chef Infra Server is required. For example:

versioned_cookbooks true

config_log_level

Sets the default value of log_level in the client.rb file of the node being bootstrapped. Possible values are :debug, :info, :warn, :error and :fatal. For example:

config_log_level :debug

config_log_location

Sets the default value of log_location in the client.rb file of the node being bootstrapped. Possible values are /path/to/log_location, STDOUT, STDERR, :win_evt and :syslog. For example:

config_log_location "/path/to/log_location"   # Please make sure that the path exists

Proxy Settings

In certain situations the proxy used by the Chef Infra Server requires authentication. In this situation, three settings must be added to the configuration file. Which settings to add depends on the protocol used to access the Chef Infra Server: HTTP or HTTPS.

If the Chef Infra Server is configured to use HTTP, add the following settings:

http_proxy

The proxy server for HTTP connections. Default value: nil. For example:

http_proxy 'http://proxy.example.com:3128'

http_proxy_user

The user name for the proxy server when the proxy server is using an HTTP connection. Default value: nil.

http_proxy_pass

The password for the proxy server when the proxy server is using an HTTP connection. Default value: nil.

If the Chef Infra Server is configured to use HTTPS (such as the hosted Chef Infra Server), add the following settings:

https_proxy

The proxy server for HTTPS connections. (The hosted Chef Infra Server uses an HTTPS connection.) Default value: nil.

https_proxy_user

The user name for the proxy server when the proxy server is using an HTTPS connection. Default value: nil.

https_proxy_pass

The password for the proxy server when the proxy server is using an HTTPS connection. Default value: nil.

Use the following setting to specify URLs that do not need a proxy:

no_proxy

A comma-separated list of URLs that do not need a proxy. Default value: nil.

.d Directories

Chef Infra Client supports reading multiple configuration files by putting them inside a .d configuration directory. For example: /etc/chef/client.d. All files that end in .rb in the .d directory are loaded; other non-.rb files are ignored.

.d directories may exist in any location where the client.rb, config.rb, or solo.rb files are present, such as:

• /etc/chef/client.d
• /etc/chef/config.d
• ~/chef/solo.d

(There is no support for a knife.d directory; use config.d instead.)

For example, when using knife, the following configuration files would be loaded:

• ~/.chef/config.rb
• ~/.chef/config.d/company_settings.rb
• ~/.chef/config.d/ec2_configuration.rb
• ~/.chef/config.d/old_settings.rb.bak

The old_settings.rb.bak file is ignored because it’s not a configuration file. The config.rb, company_settings.rb, and ec2_configuration files are merged together as if they are a single configuration file.

Optional Settings

In addition to the default settings in a config.rb file, there are other subcommand-specific settings that can be added:

1. A value passed via the command-line
2. A value contained in the config.rb file
3. The default value

A value passed via the command line will override a value in the config.rb file; a value in a config.rb file will override a default value. Before adding any settings to the config.rb file:

• Verify the settings by reviewing the documentation for the knife subcommands and/or knife plugins
• Verify the use case(s) your organization has for adding them

Also note that:

• Custom plugins can be configured to use the same settings as the core knife subcommands
• Many of these settings are used by more than one subcommand and/or plugin
• Some of the settings are included only because knife checks for a value in the config.rb file

To add settings to the config.rb file, use the following syntax:

knife[:setting_name] = value

where value may require quotation marks (' ‘) if that value is a string. For example:

knife[:ssh_port] = 22
knife[:bootstrap_template] = 'ubuntu14.04-gems'
knife[:bootstrap_version] = ''
knife[:bootstrap_proxy] = ''

Some of the optional config.rb settings are used often, such as the template file used in a bootstrap operation. The frequency of use of any option varies from organization to organization, so even though the following settings are often added to a config.rb file, they may not be the right settings to add for every organization:

knife[:bootstrap_proxy]

The proxy server for the node that is the target of a bootstrap operation.

knife[:bootstrap_template]

The path to a template file to be used during a bootstrap operation.

knife[:bootstrap_version]

The version of Chef Infra Client to install.

knife[:editor]

The $EDITOR that is used for all interactive commands.

knife[:ssh_gateway]

The SSH tunnel or gateway that is used to run a bootstrap action on a machine that is not accessible from the workstation. Adding this setting can be helpful when a user cannot SSH directly into a host.

knife[:ssh_port]

The SSH port.

Other SSH-related settings that are sometimes helpful when added to the config.rb file:

knife[:forward_agent]

Enable SSH agent forwarding.

knife[:ssh_attribute]

The attribute used when opening an SSH connection.

knife[:ssh_password]

The SSH password. This can be used to pass the password directly on the command line. If this option is not specified (and a password is required) knife prompts for the password.

knife[:ssh_user]

The SSH user name.

Some organizations choose to have all data bags use the same secret and secret file, rather than have a unique secret and secret file for each data bag. To use the same secret and secret file for all data bags, add the following to config.rb:

knife[:secret]

The encryption key that is used for values contained within a data bag item.

knife[:secret_file]

The path to the file that contains the encryption key.

Some settings are better left to Ohai, which will get the value at the start of a Chef Infra Client run:

knife[:server_name]

Same as node_name. Recommended configuration is to allow Ohai to collect this value during each Chef Infra Client run.

node_name

See the description above for this setting.