matplotlib.sankey

Module for creating Sankey diagrams using Matplotlib.

class matplotlib.sankey.Sankey(ax=None, scale=1.0, unit='', format='%G', gap=0.25, radius=0.1, shoulder=0.03, offset=0.15, head_angle=100, margin=0.4, tolerance=1e-06, **kwargs) [source]

Bases: object

Sankey diagram.

Sankey diagrams are a specific type of flow diagram, in which the width of the arrows is shown proportionally to the flow quantity. They are typically used to visualize energy or material or cost transfers between processes. Wikipedia (6/1/2011)

Create a new Sankey instance.

Optional keyword arguments:

Field	Description
ax	axes onto which the data should be plotted If ax isn't provided, new axes will be created.
scale	scaling factor for the flows scale sizes the width of the paths in order to maintain proper layout. The same scale is applied to all subdiagrams. The value should be chosen such that the product of the scale and the sum of the inputs is approximately 1.0 (and the product of the scale and the sum of the outputs is approximately -1.0).
unit	string representing the physical unit associated with the flow quantities If unit is None, then none of the quantities are labeled.
format	a Python number formatting string to be used in labeling the flow as a quantity (i.e., a number times a unit, where the unit is given)
gap	space between paths that break in/break away to/from the top or bottom
radius	inner radius of the vertical paths
shoulder	size of the shoulders of output arrowS
offset	text offset (from the dip or tip of the arrow)
head_angle	angle of the arrow heads (and negative of the angle of the tails) [deg]
margin	minimum space between Sankey outlines and the edge of the plot area
tolerance	acceptable maximum of the magnitude of the sum of flows The magnitude of the sum of connected flows cannot be greater than tolerance.

The optional arguments listed above are applied to all subdiagrams so that there is consistent alignment and formatting.

If Sankey is instantiated with any keyword arguments other than those explicitly listed above (**kwargs), they will be passed to add(), which will create the first subdiagram.

In order to draw a complex Sankey diagram, create an instance of Sankey by calling it without any kwargs:

sankey = Sankey()

Then add simple Sankey sub-diagrams:

sankey.add() # 1
sankey.add() # 2
#...
sankey.add() # n

Finally, create the full diagram:

sankey.finish()

Or, instead, simply daisy-chain those calls:

Sankey().add().add...  .add().finish()

Examples

(Source code)

(png, pdf)

(png, pdf)

(png, pdf)

add(self, patchlabel='', flows=None, orientations=None, labels='', trunklength=1.0, pathlengths=0.25, prior=None, connect=0, 0, rotation=0, **kwargs) [source]

Add a simple Sankey diagram with flows at the same hierarchical level.

Parameters:

patchlabelstr

Label to be placed at the center of the diagram. Note that label (not patchlabel) can be passed as keyword argument to create an entry in the legend.

flowslist of float

Array of flow values. By convention, inputs are positive and outputs are negative.

Flows are placed along the top of the diagram from the inside out in order of their index within flows. They are placed along the sides of the diagram from the top down and along the bottom from the outside in.

If the sum of the inputs and outputs is nonzero, the discrepancy will appear as a cubic Bezier curve along the top and bottom edges of the trunk.

orientationslist of {-1, 0, 1}

List of orientations of the flows (or a single orientation to be used for all flows). Valid values are 0 (inputs from the left, outputs to the right), 1 (from and to the top) or -1 (from and to the bottom).

labelslist of (str or None)

List of labels for the flows (or a single label to be used for all flows). Each label may be None (no label), or a labeling string. If an entry is a (possibly empty) string, then the quantity for the corresponding flow will be shown below the string. However, if the unit of the main diagram is None, then quantities are never shown, regardless of the value of this argument.

trunklengthfloat

Length between the bases of the input and output groups (in data-space units).

pathlengthslist of float

List of lengths of the vertical arrows before break-in or after break-away. If a single value is given, then it will be applied to the first (inside) paths on the top and bottom, and the length of all other arrows will be justified accordingly. The pathlengths are not applied to the horizontal inputs and outputs.

priorint

Index of the prior diagram to which this diagram should be connected.

connect(int, int)

A (prior, this) tuple indexing the flow of the prior diagram and the flow of this diagram which should be connected. If this is the first diagram or prior is None, connect will be ignored.

rotationfloat

Angle of rotation of the diagram in degrees. The interpretation of the orientations argument will be rotated accordingly (e.g., if rotation == 90, an orientations entry of 1 means to/from the left). rotation is ignored if this diagram is connected to an existing one (using prior and connect).

Returns:

Sankey: The current Sankey instance.

Other Parameters:

**kwargs

Additional keyword arguments set matplotlib.patches.PathPatch properties, listed below. For example, one may want to use fill=False or label="A legend entry".

Property	Description
`agg_filter`	a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
`alpha`	float or None
`animated`	bool
`antialiased` or aa	unknown
`capstyle`	{'butt', 'round', 'projecting'}
`clip_box`	`Bbox`
`clip_on`	bool
`clip_path`	Patch or (Path, Transform) or None
`color`	color
`contains`	callable
`edgecolor` or ec	color or None or 'auto'
`facecolor` or fc	color or None
`figure`	`Figure`
`fill`	bool
`gid`	str
`hatch`	{'/', '\', '\|', '-', '+', 'x', 'o', 'O', '.', '*'}
`in_layout`	bool
`joinstyle`	{'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
`label`	object
`linestyle` or ls	{'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
`linewidth` or lw	float or None
`path_effects`	`AbstractPathEffect`
`picker`	None or bool or float or callable
`rasterized`	bool or None
`sketch_params`	(scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
`snap`	bool or None
`transform`	`Transform`
`url`	str
`visible`	bool
`zorder`	float

Field	Description
patch	Sankey outline (an instance of `PathPatch`)
flows	values of the flows (positive for input, negative for output)
angles	list of angles of the arrows [deg/90] For example, if the diagram has not been rotated, an input to the top side will have an angle of 3 (DOWN), and an output from the top side will have an angle of 1 (UP). If a flow has been skipped (because its magnitude is less than tolerance), then its angle will be None.
tips	array in which each row is an [x, y] pair indicating the positions of the tips (or "dips") of the flow paths If the magnitude of a flow is less the tolerance for the instance of `Sankey`, the flow is skipped and its tip will be at the center of the diagram.
text	`Text` instance for the label of the diagram
texts	list of `Text` instances for the labels of flows