\vspace

Synopsis, one of:

\vspace{length}
\vspace*{length}

Add the vertical space length. The length can be positive, negative, or zero. It is a rubber length—it may contain a plus or minus component (see Lengths).

This puts space between the two paragraphs.

And I slept.

\vspace{1ex plus 0.5ex}
The new day dawned cold.

(See \bigskip & \medskip & \smallskip, for common inter-paragraph spaces.)

The *-version inserts vertical space that non-discardable. More precisely, LaTeX discards vertical space at a page break and the *-version causes the space to stay. This example leaves space between the two questions.

Question: Find the integral of \( 5x^4+5 \).

\vspace*{2cm plus 0.5cm}
Question: Find the derivative of \( x^5+5x+9 \).

That space will be present even if the page break happens to fall between the questions.

If you use \vspace in the middle of a paragraph (i.e., in horizontal mode) then the space is inserted after the line containing the \vspace command; it does not start a new paragraph at the \vspace command.

In this example the two questions will be evenly spaced vertically on the page, with at least one inch of space below each.

\begin{document}
1) Who put the bomp in the bomp bah bomp bah bomp?
\vspace{1in plus 1fill}

2) Who put the ram in the rama lama ding dong?
\vspace{1in plus 1fill}
\end{document}