Managed plugin system

Docker Engine managed plugin system

• Installing and using a plugin
• Developing a plugin
• Debugging plugins

Docker Engine’s plugins system allows you to install, start, stop, and remove plugins using Docker Engine.

For information about the legacy plugin system available in Docker Engine 1.12 and earlier, see Understand legacy Docker Engine plugins.

Note: Docker Engine managed plugins are currently not supported on Windows daemons.

Installing and using a plugin

Plugins are distributed as Docker images and can be hosted on Docker Hub or on a private registry.

To install a plugin, use the docker plugin install command, which pulls the plugin from Docker hub or your private registry, prompts you to grant permissions or capabilities if necessary, and enables the plugin.

To check the status of installed plugins, use the docker plugin ls command. Plugins that start successfully are listed as enabled in the output.

After a plugin is installed, you can use it as an option for another Docker operation, such as creating a volume.

In the following example, you install the sshfs plugin, verify that it is enabled, and use it to create a volume.

Note: This example is intended for instructional purposes only. Once the volume is created, your SSH password to the remote host will be exposed as plaintext when inspecting the volume. You should delete the volume as soon as you are done with the example.

1. Install the sshfs plugin.

   $ docker plugin install vieux/sshfs
   
   Plugin "vieux/sshfs" is requesting the following privileges:
   - network: [host]
   - capabilities: [CAP_SYS_ADMIN]
   Do you grant the above permissions? [y/N] y
   
   vieux/sshfs
   

   The plugin requests 2 privileges:

   • It needs access to the host network.
   • It needs the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability, which allows the plugin to run the mount command.

2. Check that the plugin is enabled in the output of docker plugin ls.

   $ docker plugin ls
   
   ID                    NAME                  TAG                 DESCRIPTION                   ENABLED
   69553ca1d789          vieux/sshfs           latest              the `sshfs` plugin            true
   

3. Create a volume using the plugin. This example mounts the /remote directory on host 1.2.3.4 into a volume named sshvolume.

   This volume can now be mounted into containers.

   $ docker volume create \
     -d vieux/sshfs \
     --name sshvolume \
     -o [email protected]:/remote \
     -o password=$(cat file_containing_password_for_remote_host)
   
   sshvolume
   

4. Verify that the volume was created successfully.

   $ docker volume ls
   
   DRIVER              NAME
   vieux/sshfs         sshvolume
   

5. Start a container that uses the volume sshvolume.

   $ docker run --rm -v sshvolume:/data busybox ls /data
   
   <content of /remote on machine 1.2.3.4>
   

6. Remove the volume sshvolume

   docker volume rm sshvolume
   
   sshvolume
   

   To disable a plugin, use the docker plugin disable command. To completely remove it, use the docker plugin remove command. For other available commands and options, see the command line reference.

Service creation using plugins

In swarm mode, it is possible to create a service that allows for attaching to networks or mounting volumes. Swarm schedules services based on plugin availability on a node. In this example, a volume plugin is installed on a swarm worker and a volume is created using the plugin. In the manager, a service is created with the relevant mount options. It can be observed that the service is scheduled to run on the worker node with the said volume plugin and volume.

In the following example, node1 is the manager and node2 is the worker.

1. Prepare manager. In node 1:

   $ docker swarm init
   Swarm initialized: current node (dxn1zf6l61qsb1josjja83ngz) is now a manager.
   

2. Join swarm, install plugin and create volume on worker. In node 2:

    $ docker swarm join \
    --token SWMTKN-1-49nj1cmql0jkz5s954yi3oex3nedyz0fb0xx14ie39trti4wxv-8vxv8rssmk743ojnwacrr2e7c \
    192.168.99.100:2377
   

    $ docker plugin install tiborvass/sample-volume-plugin
    latest: Pulling from tiborvass/sample-volume-plugin
    eb9c16fbdc53: Download complete
    Digest: sha256:00b42de88f3a3e0342e7b35fa62394b0a9ceb54d37f4c50be5d3167899994639
    Status: Downloaded newer image for tiborvass/sample-volume-plugin:latest
    Installed plugin tiborvass/sample-volume-plugin
   

    $ docker volume create -d tiborvass/sample-volume-plugin --name pluginVol
   

3. Create a service using the plugin and volume. In node1:

    $ docker service create --name my-service --mount type=volume,volume-driver=tiborvass/sample-volume-plugin,source=pluginVol,destination=/tmp busybox top
   
    $ docker service ls
    z1sj8bb8jnfn  my-service   replicated  1/1       busybox:latest
   

   docker service ls shows service 1 instance of service running.

4. Observe the task getting scheduled in node 2:

       
    $ docker ps --format '{{.ID}}\t {{.Status}} {{.Names}} {{.Command}}'
    83fc1e842599     Up 2 days my-service.1.9jn59qzn7nbc3m0zt1hij12xs "top"
       
   

Developing a plugin

The rootfs directory

The rootfs directory represents the root filesystem of the plugin. In this example, it was created from a Dockerfile:

Note: The /run/docker/plugins directory is mandatory inside of the plugin’s filesystem for docker to communicate with the plugin.

$ git clone https://github.com/vieux/docker-volume-sshfs
$ cd docker-volume-sshfs
$ docker build -t rootfsimage .
$ id=$(docker create rootfsimage true) # id was cd851ce43a403 when the image was created
$ sudo mkdir -p myplugin/rootfs
$ sudo docker export "$id" | sudo tar -x -C myplugin/rootfs
$ docker rm -vf "$id"
$ docker rmi rootfsimage

The config.json file

The config.json file describes the plugin. See the plugins config reference.

Consider the following config.json file.

{
	"description": "sshFS plugin for Docker",
	"documentation": "https://docs.docker.com/engine/extend/plugins/",
	"entrypoint": ["/go/bin/docker-volume-sshfs"],
	"network": {
		   "type": "host"
		   },
	"interface" : {
		   "types": ["docker.volumedriver/1.0"],
		   "socket": "sshfs.sock"
	},
	"linux": {
		"capabilities": ["CAP_SYS_ADMIN"]
	}
}

This plugin is a volume driver. It requires a host network and the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability. It depends upon the /go/bin/docker-volume-sshfs entrypoint and uses the /run/docker/plugins/sshfs.sock socket to communicate with Docker Engine. This plugin has no runtime parameters.

Creating the plugin

A new plugin can be created by running docker plugin create <plugin-name> ./path/to/plugin/data where the plugin data contains a plugin configuration file config.json and a root filesystem in subdirectory rootfs.

After that the plugin <plugin-name> will show up in docker plugin ls. Plugins can be pushed to remote registries with docker plugin push <plugin-name>.

Debugging plugins

Stdout of a plugin is redirected to dockerd logs. Such entries have a plugin=<ID> suffix. Here are a few examples of commands for pluginID f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62 and their corresponding log entries in the docker daemon logs.

$ docker plugin install tiborvass/sample-volume-plugins

INFO[0036] Starting...       Found 0 volumes on startup  plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62

$ docker volume create -d tiborvass/sample-volume-plugins samplevol

INFO[0193] Create Called...  Ensuring directory /data/samplevol exists on host...  plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0193] open /var/lib/docker/plugin-data/local-persist.json: no such file or directory  plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0193]                   Created volume samplevol with mountpoint /data/samplevol  plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0193] Path Called...    Returned path /data/samplevol  plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62

$ docker run -v samplevol:/tmp busybox sh

INFO[0421] Get Called...     Found samplevol                plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0421] Mount Called...   Mounted samplevol              plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0421] Path Called...    Returned path /data/samplevol  plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62
INFO[0421] Unmount Called... Unmounted samplevol            plugin=f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62

Using docker-runc to obtain logfiles and shell into the plugin.

docker-runc, the default docker container runtime can be used for debugging plugins. This is specifically useful to collect plugin logs if they are redirected to a file.

$ docker-runc list
ID                                                                 PID         STATUS      BUNDLE                                                                                       CREATED
f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62   2679        running     /run/docker/libcontainerd/f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62	2017-02-06T21:53:03.031537592Z
r

$ docker-runc exec f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62 cat /var/log/plugin.log

If the plugin has a built-in shell, then exec into the plugin can be done as follows:

$ docker-runc exec -t f52a3df433b9aceee436eaada0752f5797aab1de47e5485f1690a073b860ff62 sh

Using curl to debug plugin socket issues.

To verify if the plugin API socket that the docker daemon communicates with is responsive, use curl. In this example, we will make API calls from the docker host to volume and network plugins using curl 7.47.0 to ensure that the plugin is listening on the said socket. For a well functioning plugin, these basic requests should work. Note that plugin sockets are available on the host under /var/run/docker/plugins/<pluginID>

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST -d '{}' --unix-socket /var/run/docker/plugins/e8a37ba56fc879c991f7d7921901723c64df6b42b87e6a0b055771ecf8477a6d/plugin.sock http:/VolumeDriver.List

{"Mountpoint":"","Err":"","Volumes":[{"Name":"myvol1","Mountpoint":"/data/myvol1"},{"Name":"myvol2","Mountpoint":"/data/myvol2"}],"Volume":null}

curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST -d '{}' --unix-socket /var/run/docker/plugins/45e00a7ce6185d6e365904c8bcf62eb724b1fe307e0d4e7ecc9f6c1eb7bcdb70/plugin.sock http:/NetworkDriver.GetCapabilities

{"Scope":"local"}

When using curl 7.5 and above, the URL should be of the form http://hostname/APICall, where hostname is the valid hostname where the plugin is installed and APICall is the call to the plugin API.

For example, http://localhost/VolumeDriver.List