Collection
The Collection
is a set of (key, value) entries which can be iterated, and is the base class for all collections in immutable
, allowing them to make use of all the Collection methods (such as map
and filter
).
type Collection<K, V> extends ValueObject
Discussion
Note: A collection is always iterated in the same order, however that order may not always be well defined, as is the case for the Map
and Set
.
Collection is the abstract base class for concrete data structures. It cannot be constructed directly.
Implementations should extend one of the subclasses, Collection.Keyed
, Collection.Indexed
, or Collection.Set
.
Construction
Collection()
Collection<I>(collection: I): I Collection<T>(collection: Iterable<T> | ArrayLike<T>): Collection.Indexed<T> Collection<V>(obj: {[key: string]: V}): Collection.Keyed<string, V> Collection<K, V>(): Collection<K, V>
Value equality
equals()
True if this and the other Collection have value equality, as defined by Immutable.is()
.
equals(other: unknown): boolean
Overrides
ValueObject#equals()
Discussion
Note: This is equivalent to Immutable.is(this, other)
, but provided to allow for chained expressions.
hashCode()
Computes and returns the hashed identity for this Collection.
hashCode(): number
Overrides
ValueObject#hashCode()
Discussion
The hashCode
of a Collection is used to determine potential equality, and is used when adding this to a Set
or as a key in a Map
, enabling lookup via a different instance.
const a = List([ 1, 2, 3 ]); const b = List([ 1, 2, 3 ]); assert.notStrictEqual(a, b); // different instances const set = Set([ a ]); assert.equal(set.has(b), true);run it
If two values have the same hashCode
, they are not guaranteed to be equal. If two values have different hashCode
s, they must not be equal.
Reading values
get()
get<NSV>(key: K, notSetValue: NSV): V | NSV get(key: K): V | undefined
has()
True if a key exists within this Collection
, using Immutable.is
to determine equality
has(key: K): boolean
includes()
True if a value exists within this Collection
, using Immutable.is
to determine equality
includes(value: V): boolean
alias
contains()
first()
In case the Collection
is not empty returns the first element of the Collection
. In case the Collection
is empty returns the optional default value if provided, if no default value is provided returns undefined.
first<NSV>(notSetValue?: NSV): V | NSV
last()
In case the Collection
is not empty returns the last element of the Collection
. In case the Collection
is empty returns the optional default value if provided, if no default value is provided returns undefined.
last<NSV>(notSetValue?: NSV): V | NSV
Reading deep values
getIn()
Returns the value found by following a path of keys or indices through nested Collections.
getIn(searchKeyPath: Iterable<unknown>, notSetValue?: unknown): unknown
Discussion
const { Map, List } = require('immutable') const deepData = Map({ x: List([ Map({ y: 123 }) ]) }); deepData.getIn(['x', 0, 'y']) // 123run it
Plain JavaScript Object or Arrays may be nested within an Immutable.js Collection, and getIn() can access those values as well:
const { Map, List } = require('immutable') const deepData = Map({ x: [ { y: 123 } ] }); deepData.getIn(['x', 0, 'y']) // 123run it
hasIn()
True if the result of following a path of keys or indices through nested Collections results in a set value.
hasIn(searchKeyPath: Iterable<unknown>): boolean
Persistent changes
update()
This can be very useful as a way to "chain" a normal function into a sequence of methods. RxJS calls this "let" and lodash calls it "thru".
update<R>(updater: (value: this) => R): R
Discussion
For example, to sum a Seq after mapping and filtering:
const { Seq } = require('immutable') function sum(collection) { return collection.reduce((sum, x) => sum + x, 0) } Seq([ 1, 2, 3 ]) .map(x => x + 1) .filter(x => x % 2 === 0) .update(sum) // 6run it
Conversion to JavaScript types
toJS()
Deeply converts this Collection to equivalent native JavaScript Array or Object.
toJS(): Array<unknown> | {[key: string]: unknown}
Discussion
Collection.Indexed
, and Collection.Set
become Array
, while Collection.Keyed
become Object
, converting keys to Strings.
toJSON()
Shallowly converts this Collection to equivalent native JavaScript Array or Object.
toJSON(): Array<V> | {[key: string]: V}
Discussion
Collection.Indexed
, and Collection.Set
become Array
, while Collection.Keyed
become Object
, converting keys to Strings.
toArray()
Shallowly converts this collection to an Array.
toArray(): Array<V> | Array<[K, V]>
Discussion
Collection.Indexed
, and Collection.Set
produce an Array of values. Collection.Keyed
produce an Array of [key, value] tuples.
toObject()
Shallowly converts this Collection to an Object.
toObject(): {[key: string]: V}
Discussion
Converts keys to Strings.
Conversion to Collections
toMap()
Converts this Collection to a Map, Throws if keys are not hashable.
toMap(): Map<K, V>
Discussion
Note: This is equivalent to Map(this.toKeyedSeq())
, but provided for convenience and to allow for chained expressions.
toOrderedMap()
Converts this Collection to a Map, maintaining the order of iteration.
toOrderedMap(): OrderedMap<K, V>
Discussion
Note: This is equivalent to OrderedMap(this.toKeyedSeq())
, but provided for convenience and to allow for chained expressions.
toSet()
Converts this Collection to a Set, discarding keys. Throws if values are not hashable.
toSet(): Set<V>
Discussion
Note: This is equivalent to Set(this)
, but provided to allow for chained expressions.
toOrderedSet()
Converts this Collection to a Set, maintaining the order of iteration and discarding keys.
toOrderedSet(): OrderedSet<V>
Discussion
Note: This is equivalent to OrderedSet(this.valueSeq())
, but provided for convenience and to allow for chained expressions.
toList()
Converts this Collection to a List, discarding keys.
toList(): List<V>
Discussion
This is similar to List(collection)
, but provided to allow for chained expressions. However, when called on Map
or other keyed collections, collection.toList()
discards the keys and creates a list of only the values, whereas List(collection)
creates a list of entry tuples.
const { Map, List } = require('immutable') var myMap = Map({ a: 'Apple', b: 'Banana' }) List(myMap) // List [ [ "a", "Apple" ], [ "b", "Banana" ] ] myMap.toList() // List [ "Apple", "Banana" ]run it
toStack()
Converts this Collection to a Stack, discarding keys. Throws if values are not hashable.
toStack(): Stack<V>
Discussion
Note: This is equivalent to Stack(this)
, but provided to allow for chained expressions.
Conversion to Seq
toSeq()
Converts this Collection to a Seq of the same kind (indexed, keyed, or set).
toSeq(): Seq<K, V>
toKeyedSeq()
Returns a Seq.Keyed from this Collection where indices are treated as keys.
toKeyedSeq(): Seq.Keyed<K, V>
Discussion
This is useful if you want to operate on an Collection.Indexed and preserve the [index, value] pairs.
The returned Seq will have identical iteration order as this Collection.
const { Seq } = require('immutable') const indexedSeq = Seq([ 'A', 'B', 'C' ]) // Seq [ "A", "B", "C" ] indexedSeq.filter(v => v === 'B') // Seq [ "B" ] const keyedSeq = indexedSeq.toKeyedSeq() // Seq { 0: "A", 1: "B", 2: "C" } keyedSeq.filter(v => v === 'B') // Seq { 1: "B" }run it
toIndexedSeq()
Returns an Seq.Indexed of the values of this Collection, discarding keys.
toIndexedSeq(): Seq.Indexed<V>
toSetSeq()
Returns a Seq.Set of the values of this Collection, discarding keys.
toSetSeq(): Seq.Set<V>
Iterators
keys()
An iterator of this Collection
's keys.
keys(): IterableIterator<K>
Discussion
Note: this will return an ES6 iterator which does not support Immutable.js sequence algorithms. Use keySeq
instead, if this is what you want.
values()
An iterator of this Collection
's values.
values(): IterableIterator<V>
Discussion
Note: this will return an ES6 iterator which does not support Immutable.js sequence algorithms. Use valueSeq
instead, if this is what you want.
entries()
An iterator of this Collection
's entries as [ key, value ]
tuples.
entries(): IterableIterator<[K, V]>
Discussion
Note: this will return an ES6 iterator which does not support Immutable.js sequence algorithms. Use entrySeq
instead, if this is what you want.
[Symbol.iterator]()
[Symbol.iterator](): IterableIterator<unknown>
Collections (Seq)
keySeq()
Returns a new Seq.Indexed of the keys of this Collection, discarding values.
keySeq(): Seq.Indexed<K>
valueSeq()
Returns an Seq.Indexed of the values of this Collection, discarding keys.
valueSeq(): Seq.Indexed<V>
entrySeq()
Returns a new Seq.Indexed of [key, value] tuples.
entrySeq(): Seq.Indexed<[K, V]>
Sequence algorithms
map()
Returns a new Collection of the same type with values passed through a mapper
function.
map<M>(mapper: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => M,context?: unknown): Collection<K, M>
Discussion
const { Collection } = require('immutable') Collection({ a: 1, b: 2 }).map(x => 10 * x) // Seq { "a": 10, "b": 20 }run it
Note: map()
always returns a new instance, even if it produced the same value at every step.
filter()
filter<F>(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): Collection<K, F> filter(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => unknown,context?: unknown): this
filterNot()
Returns a new Collection of the same type with only the entries for which the predicate
function returns false.
filterNot(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): this
Discussion
const { Map } = require('immutable') Map({ a: 1, b: 2, c: 3, d: 4}).filterNot(x => x % 2 === 0) // Map { "a": 1, "c": 3 }run it
Note: filterNot()
always returns a new instance, even if it results in not filtering out any values.
reverse()
Returns a new Collection of the same type in reverse order.
reverse(): this
sort()
Returns a new Collection of the same type which includes the same entries, stably sorted by using a comparator
.
sort(comparator?: (valueA: V, valueB: V) => number): this
Discussion
If a comparator
is not provided, a default comparator uses <
and >
.
comparator(valueA, valueB)
:
- Returns
0
if the elements should not be swapped. - Returns
-1
(or any negative number) ifvalueA
comes beforevalueB
- Returns
1
(or any positive number) ifvalueA
comes aftervalueB
- Is pure, i.e. it must always return the same value for the same pair of values.
When sorting collections which have no defined order, their ordered equivalents will be returned. e.g. map.sort()
returns OrderedMap.
const { Map } = require('immutable') Map({ "c": 3, "a": 1, "b": 2 }).sort((a, b) => { if (a < b) { return -1; } if (a > b) { return 1; } if (a === b) { return 0; } }); // OrderedMap { "a": 1, "b": 2, "c": 3 }run it
Note: sort()
Always returns a new instance, even if the original was already sorted.
Note: This is always an eager operation.
sortBy()
Like sort
, but also accepts a comparatorValueMapper
which allows for sorting by more sophisticated means:
sortBy<C>(comparatorValueMapper: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => C,comparator?: (valueA: C, valueB: C) => number): this
Discussion
const { Map } = require('immutable') const beattles = Map({ John: { name: "Lennon" }, Paul: { name: "McCartney" }, George: { name: "Harrison" }, Ringo: { name: "Starr" }, }); beattles.sortBy(member => member.name);run it
Note: sortBy()
Always returns a new instance, even if the original was already sorted.
Note: This is always an eager operation.
groupBy()
Returns a Collection.Keyed
of Collection.Keyeds
, grouped by the return value of the grouper
function.
groupBy<G>(grouper: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => G,context?: unknown): Seq.Keyed<G, Collection<K, V>>
Discussion
Note: This is always an eager operation.
const { List, Map } = require('immutable') const listOfMaps = List([ Map({ v: 0 }), Map({ v: 1 }), Map({ v: 1 }), Map({ v: 0 }), Map({ v: 2 }) ]) const groupsOfMaps = listOfMaps.groupBy(x => x.get('v')) // Map { // 0: List [ Map{ "v": 0 }, Map { "v": 0 } ], // 1: List [ Map{ "v": 1 }, Map { "v": 1 } ], // 2: List [ Map{ "v": 2 } ], // }run it
Side effects
forEach()
The sideEffect
is executed for every entry in the Collection.
forEach(sideEffect: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => unknown,context?: unknown): number
Discussion
Unlike Array#forEach
, if any call of sideEffect
returns false
, the iteration will stop. Returns the number of entries iterated (including the last iteration which returned false).
Creating subsets
slice()
Returns a new Collection of the same type representing a portion of this Collection from start up to but not including end.
slice(begin?: number, end?: number): this
Discussion
If begin is negative, it is offset from the end of the Collection. e.g. slice(-2)
returns a Collection of the last two entries. If it is not provided the new Collection will begin at the beginning of this Collection.
If end is negative, it is offset from the end of the Collection. e.g. slice(0, -1)
returns a Collection of everything but the last entry. If it is not provided, the new Collection will continue through the end of this Collection.
If the requested slice is equivalent to the current Collection, then it will return itself.
rest()
Returns a new Collection of the same type containing all entries except the first.
rest(): this
butLast()
Returns a new Collection of the same type containing all entries except the last.
butLast(): this
skip()
Returns a new Collection of the same type which excludes the first amount
entries from this Collection.
skip(amount: number): this
skipLast()
Returns a new Collection of the same type which excludes the last amount
entries from this Collection.
skipLast(amount: number): this
skipWhile()
Returns a new Collection of the same type which includes entries starting from when predicate
first returns false.
skipWhile(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): this
Discussion
const { List } = require('immutable') List([ 'dog', 'frog', 'cat', 'hat', 'god' ]) .skipWhile(x => x.match(/g/)) // List [ "cat", "hat", "god" ]run it
skipUntil()
Returns a new Collection of the same type which includes entries starting from when predicate
first returns true.
skipUntil(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): this
Discussion
const { List } = require('immutable') List([ 'dog', 'frog', 'cat', 'hat', 'god' ]) .skipUntil(x => x.match(/hat/)) // List [ "hat", "god" ]run it
take()
Returns a new Collection of the same type which includes the first amount
entries from this Collection.
take(amount: number): this
takeLast()
Returns a new Collection of the same type which includes the last amount
entries from this Collection.
takeLast(amount: number): this
takeWhile()
Returns a new Collection of the same type which includes entries from this Collection as long as the predicate
returns true.
takeWhile(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): this
Discussion
const { List } = require('immutable') List([ 'dog', 'frog', 'cat', 'hat', 'god' ]) .takeWhile(x => x.match(/o/)) // List [ "dog", "frog" ]run it
takeUntil()
Returns a new Collection of the same type which includes entries from this Collection as long as the predicate
returns false.
takeUntil(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): this
Discussion
const { List } = require('immutable') List([ 'dog', 'frog', 'cat', 'hat', 'god' ]) .takeUntil(x => x.match(/at/)) // List [ "dog", "frog" ]run it
Combination
concat()
Returns a new Collection of the same type with other values and collection-like concatenated to this one.
concat(...valuesOrCollections: Array<unknown>): Collection<unknown, unknown>
Discussion
For Seqs, all entries will be present in the resulting Seq, even if they have the same key.
flatten()
flatten(depth?: number): Collection<unknown, unknown> flatten(shallow?: boolean): Collection<unknown, unknown>
flatMap()
Flat-maps the Collection, returning a Collection of the same type.
flatMap<M>(mapper: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => Iterable<M>,context?: unknown): Collection<K, M> flatMap<KM, VM>(mapper: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => Iterable<[KM, VM]>,context?: unknown): Collection<KM, VM>
Discussion
Similar to collection.map(...).flatten(true)
. Used for Dictionaries only.
Reducing a value
reduce()
reduce<R>(reducer: (reduction: R, value: V, key: K, iter: this) => R,initialReduction: R,context?: unknown): R reduce<R>(reducer: (reduction: V | R, value: V, key: K, iter: this) => R): R
reduceRight()
reduceRight<R>(reducer: (reduction: R, value: V, key: K, iter: this) => R,initialReduction: R,context?: unknown): R reduceRight<R>(reducer: (reduction: V | R, value: V, key: K, iter: this) => R): R
every()
True if predicate
returns true for all entries in the Collection.
every(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): boolean
some()
True if predicate
returns true for any entry in the Collection.
some(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): boolean
join()
Joins values together as a string, inserting a separator between each. The default separator is ","
.
join(separator?: string): string
count()
count(): number count(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): number
countBy()
Returns a Seq.Keyed
of counts, grouped by the return value of the grouper
function.
countBy<G>(grouper: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => G,context?: unknown): Map<G, number>
Discussion
Note: This is not a lazy operation.
Search for value
find()
Returns the first value for which the predicate
returns true.
find(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown,notSetValue?: V): V | undefined
findLast()
Returns the last value for which the predicate
returns true.
findLast(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown,notSetValue?: V): V | undefined
Discussion
Note: predicate
will be called for each entry in reverse.
findEntry()
Returns the first [key, value] entry for which the predicate
returns true.
findEntry(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown,notSetValue?: V): [K, V] | undefined
findLastEntry()
Returns the last [key, value] entry for which the predicate
returns true.
findLastEntry(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown,notSetValue?: V): [K, V] | undefined
Discussion
Note: predicate
will be called for each entry in reverse.
findKey()
Returns the key for which the predicate
returns true.
findKey(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): K | undefined
findLastKey()
Returns the last key for which the predicate
returns true.
findLastKey(predicate: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => boolean,context?: unknown): K | undefined
Discussion
Note: predicate
will be called for each entry in reverse.
keyOf()
Returns the key associated with the search value, or undefined.
keyOf(searchValue: V): K | undefined
lastKeyOf()
Returns the last key associated with the search value, or undefined.
lastKeyOf(searchValue: V): K | undefined
max()
Returns the maximum value in this collection. If any values are comparatively equivalent, the first one found will be returned.
max(comparator?: (valueA: V, valueB: V) => number): V | undefined
Discussion
The comparator
is used in the same way as Collection#sort
. If it is not provided, the default comparator is >
.
When two values are considered equivalent, the first encountered will be returned. Otherwise, max
will operate independent of the order of input as long as the comparator is commutative. The default comparator >
is commutative only when types do not differ.
If comparator
returns 0 and either value is NaN, undefined, or null, that value will be returned.
maxBy()
Like max
, but also accepts a comparatorValueMapper
which allows for comparing by more sophisticated means:
maxBy<C>(comparatorValueMapper: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => C,comparator?: (valueA: C, valueB: C) => number): V | undefined
Discussion
const { List, } = require('immutable'); const l = List([ { name: 'Bob', avgHit: 1 }, { name: 'Max', avgHit: 3 }, { name: 'Lili', avgHit: 2 } , ]); l.maxBy(i => i.avgHit); // will output { name: 'Max', avgHit: 3 }run it
min()
Returns the minimum value in this collection. If any values are comparatively equivalent, the first one found will be returned.
min(comparator?: (valueA: V, valueB: V) => number): V | undefined
Discussion
The comparator
is used in the same way as Collection#sort
. If it is not provided, the default comparator is <
.
When two values are considered equivalent, the first encountered will be returned. Otherwise, min
will operate independent of the order of input as long as the comparator is commutative. The default comparator <
is commutative only when types do not differ.
If comparator
returns 0 and either value is NaN, undefined, or null, that value will be returned.
minBy()
Like min
, but also accepts a comparatorValueMapper
which allows for comparing by more sophisticated means:
minBy<C>(comparatorValueMapper: (value: V, key: K, iter: this) => C,comparator?: (valueA: C, valueB: C) => number): V | undefined
Discussion
const { List, } = require('immutable'); const l = List([ { name: 'Bob', avgHit: 1 }, { name: 'Max', avgHit: 3 }, { name: 'Lili', avgHit: 2 } , ]); l.minBy(i => i.avgHit); // will output { name: 'Bob', avgHit: 1 }run it
Comparison
isSubset()
True if iter
includes every value in this Collection.
isSubset(iter: Iterable<V>): boolean
isSuperset()
True if this Collection includes every value in iter
.
isSuperset(iter: Iterable<V>): boolean
© 2014–present, Lee Byron and other contributors
Licensed under the 3-clause BSD License.
https://immutable-js.com/docs/v4.0.0/Collection/